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- <text id=90TT0396>
- <title>
- Feb. 12, 1990: The Bombshell From Moscow
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Feb. 12, 1990 Scaling Down Defense
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- PRESS, Page 57
- The Bombshell from Moscow
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>A questionable scoop spotlights CNN's worldwide clout
- </p>
- <p> The startling news broke at 2 p.m. EST. From Moscow, CNN
- bureau chief Steve Hurst reported, in a live phone conversation
- from the Soviet capital, that Mikhail Gorbachev was
- "considering his resignation" as chief of the Communist Party.
- The report, attributed to an unnamed party source, sent the
- economic and political world into an immediate tizzy. On
- foreign currency markets the value of the dollar surged; on
- Wall Street the stock market took a quick plunge. White House
- officials pleaded ignorance, world leaders were puzzled, and
- in Moscow (where CNN is seen in many government offices) phones
- jangled all night as people traded information on the rumor.
- </p>
- <p> Gorbachev flatly denied the story next day, and no other
- news organization got even a shred of confirmation that
- resignation was imminent. But the furor demonstrated CNN's
- growing impact as the world's most widely circulated TV news
- network. It also raised questions about whether, given that
- global clout, CNN exercised due journalistic caution when
- dealing with a potential bombshell.
- </p>
- <p> The story originated when Hurst, 42, a veteran Moscow
- reporter who joined CNN in 1988, spoke on the phone with what
- he described as a "well-informed and usually reliable Communist
- Party source." Hurst relayed his scoop to international
- managing editor Eason Jordan in CNN's Atlanta headquarters, and
- then to executive vice president Ed Turner (no relation to CNN
- founder Ted). The Moscow reporter would not identify his
- informant but told his bosses of several other stories in which
- the source had given accurate information. That persuaded
- Turner to run the story.
- </p>
- <p> After Hurst's report was aired, other news organizations
- scrambled to confirm it but came up empty. None of the three
- major wire services--A.P., U.P.I. and Reuters--reported the
- rumor until the worldwide reaction became a story in its own
- right. All three networks gave the resignation story prominent
- play at the beginning of their evening news-casts on Tuesday.
- The following day's New York Times and Washington Post
- downplayed the rumor by encasing it in stories on the political
- and financial reactions.
- </p>
- <p> Hurst still stands by his report, pointing out that his
- source said only that Gorbachev was "considering" resignation:
- "I heard it from someone I believed, a long-standing source who
- has been right on every other occasion." But some editors and
- press monitors criticized CNN for going public with unconfirmed
- information. "It's a fundamental of journalism: one-source
- stories are bad," says Tom Goldstein, dean of the journalism
- school at the University of California, Berkeley. "Generally
- we will not go with a single source," says Timothy Russert,
- senior vice president of news at NBC. "Of course, every news
- organization makes exceptions." Asserts CNN's Ed Turner: "We
- double-check sources when it is humanly possible. But you also
- have to believe in your own journalist on the scene."
- </p>
- <p> The problem of how to handle unconfirmed reports is common
- to all news organizations, but it is especially acute for CNN.
- The network's instant worldwide reach (it is beamed officially
- to 89 countries and watched by many world leaders) has made CNN
- a conduit for governments and individuals who want to spread
- news--or plant leaks. When the U.S. invaded Panama in
- December, the first Soviet protest was delivered not to the
- U.S. embassy but to a CNN crew. This role makes it essential
- that CNN be especially alert to the possibility of being
- manipulated. "We are well aware of our responsibilities," says
- Turner, "and we became more aware of it this week in a negative
- sense."
- </p>
- <p>By Richard Zoglin. Reported by Paul Hofheinz/Moscow and Joseph
- J. Kane/Atlanta.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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